This narrative review aims to provide an objective view of the noninvasive neuromodulation
(NINM) protocols available for treating spasticity, including repetitive transcranial magnetic …

Background. Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and there is a very
short period of increased synaptic plasticity, fundamental in motor recovery. Thus, it is crucial …

Background This paper describes the design and test of an automated functional electrical
stimulation (FES) system for poststroke rehabilitation training. The aim of automated FES is …

Cocaine-regulated and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) is a neuropeptide with
reported neuroprotective effects in ischemic cerebral injury. However, its mechanism has not …

Abstract Purpose of Review To examine the effects of combining non-invasive brain
stimulation (NIBS) with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on upper limb function …

Succession law, which governs the creation and validity of wills, is closely tied to
testamentary capacity (TC), the cognitive competence required for a valid will. This study …

BACKGROUND: Although numerous effective exercise interventions can treat upper limb
motor impairments after stroke, it remains unknown as to which are the most effective. The …

Studies have shown that there is heterogeneity in the efficacy bewteen the low-frequency
(LF) and high-frequency (HF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), but the …

It is widely believed that most stroke recovery occurs within 6 mo, with little benefit of
physiotherapy or other modalities beyond 1 yr. We report a remarkable case of stroke …

Stem cell therapy, which has promising results in acute disorders such as stroke, supports
treatment by providing rehabilitation in the chronic stage patients. In acute stroke …