Experimental evidence accumulated over decades has implicated epithelial–mesenchymal
plasticity (EMP), which collectively encompasses epithelial–mesenchymal transition and the …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), also known as tumor‐initiating cells (TICs), are suggested to be
responsible for drug resistance and cancer relapse due in part to their ability to self‐renew …

Radiotherapy (RT) is a modality of oncologic treatment that can be used to treat
approximately 50% of all cancer patients either alone or in combination with other treatment …

Cancer stem cells (CSC) possess abilities generally associated with embryonic or adult
stem cells, especially self-renewal and differentiation. The CSC model assumes that this …

Chemoresistant metastatic relapse of minimal residual disease plays a significant role for
poor prognosis of cancer. Growing evidence supports a critical role of cancer stem cell …

Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a distinct subpopulation within a tumor. They are able to self-
renew and differentiate and possess a high capability to repair DNA damage, exhibit low …

Both hereditary and sporadic breast cancer are suggested to develop from a stem cell
subcomponent retaining most key stem cell properties but with dysregulation of self-renewal …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products are components of cell signaling
pathways and play important roles in cellular physiology and pathophysiology. Under …

Inactivation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is of utmost importance for tumor cure after
radiotherapy. An increasing body of evidence complies with a higher radioresistance of …

Similar to normal tissue, many tumors have a hierarchical organization where tumorigenic
cancer stem cells (CSCs) differentiate into non-tumorigenic progenies. A host of studies …