Background A Task Force was convened by the EFNS/MDS‐ES Scientist Panel on P
arkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders to systemically review relevant …

Exposure to a variety of toxins and/or infectious agents leads to disease, degeneration and
death, often characterised by circumstances in which cells or tissues do not merely die and …

Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the hemodyna-mics and the morphology of the
internal jugular veins using Colour-Doppler and B-mode sonongraphy in multiple sclerosis …

INTRODUCTION: Brain metal accumulation is suggested in the pathogenesis of numerous
neurodegenerative disorders. In Wilson's disease (WD), only copper has been examined …

Importance Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) is characterized by
restricted venous outflow from the brain and spinal cord. Whether this condition is …

The immune-mediated diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) cover a wide range of
clinical manifestations. Over the last years, considerable efforts have been made to establish …

AIM: In this paper, we seek to determine whether the iron deposition as seen by
susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) in the basal ganglia and thalamus of patients with …

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is a very common disorder and proving that there is a
relationship to another common movement disorder, Parkinson's disease (PD), has been …

During the last decade, substantia nigra (SN) hyperechogenicity has been established as a
valuable supplementary diagnostic marker for Parkinson's disease. As an increasing …

Transcranial sonography (TCS) of the brain parenchyma in patients with movement and
other neurodegenerative disorders has developed with increasing dynamics during the past …