Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK3) is a highly evolutionarily conserved
serine/threonine protein kinase first identified as an enzyme that regulates glycogen …

The mood stabilizers lithium and valproic acid (VPA) are traditionally used to treat bipolar
disorder (BD), a severe mental illness arising from complex interactions between genes and …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in adults. The current
therapy for AD has only moderate efficacy in controlling symptoms, and it does not cure the …

Lithium salts have been in the therapeutic toolbox for better or worse since the 19th century,
with purported benefit in gout, hangover, insomnia, and early suggestions that lithium …

Protein kinases are a growing drug target class in disorders in peripheral tissues, but the
development of kinase-targeted therapies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases …

Accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits is a primary pathological feature of Alzheimer
disease that is correlated with neurotoxicity and cognitive decline. The role of glycogen …

The hypothesis that amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are the primary cause of Alzheimer's disease
(AD) remains the best supported theory of AD pathogenesis. Yet, many observations are …

Lithium has been used clinically to treat bipolar disorder for over half a century, and remains
a fundamental pharmacological therapy for patients with this illness. Although lithium's …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment in clinical presentation,
and by β-amyloid (Aβ) production and the hyper-phosphorylation of tau in basic research …

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) affect signalling
pathways by elevating cGMP, which is a second messenger involved in processes of …