Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most-commonly diagnosed malignant tumor in women
in the world, as well as the first cause of death from malignant tumors. The incidence of …

Since cancer stem cells (CSCs) were first identified in leukemia in 1994, they have been
considered promising therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. These cells have self-renewal …

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Recent decades have seen an unprecedented rise in
obesity, and the health impact thereof is increasingly evident. In 2014, worldwide, more than …

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in various
biological processes, including immune response, inflammation, cell growth and survival …

Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by
altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of …

Betulin, a pentacyclic triterpene and a plant pentacyclic triterpene metabolite, can be found
in large quantities in the outer bark of the birches (Betula, Betulaceae). Betulinic acid …

Ovarian cancer is one of the most dangerous gynecologic cancers worldwide, showing a
high fatality rate and recurrence due to diagnosis at an advanced stage of the disease and …

Macrophages are one of the most abundant leukocyte populations infiltrating tumor tissues
and can exhibit both tumoricidal and tumor-promoting activities. In 1989, we reported the …

Tissue development and homeostasis are governed by the actions of stem cells. Multipotent
cells are capable of self-renewal during the course of one's lifetime. The accurate and …

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is malignant, genetically complex and difficult to treat and is
the sixth most frequent cancer, with tobacco, alcohol and human papillomavirus being major …