Major differences between men and women exist in epidemiology, manifestation,
pathophysiology, treatment, and outcome of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as …

Perimenopause is an important stage of female senescence. Epidemiological investigation
has shown that the incidence of cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women is lower …

Estrogen has important effects on cardiovascular function including regulation of vascular
function, blood pressure, endothelial relaxation, and the development of hypertrophy and …

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in the United States and worldwide, yet more
men die from atherosclerosis than women, and at a younger age. Women, on the other …

We briefly survey the concept of autoimmunity and nominate the range of autoimmune
diseases that include multisystemic and organ-specific disorders, and cite prevalences of …

Premenopausal females have a comparably lower incidence of cardiovascular disease than
their male counterparts. Although estrogen and activation of estrogen receptors (ERs) have …

Preserving mitochondrial activity is crucial in rescuing cardiac function following acute
myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The sex difference in myocardial functional recovery …

This review summarizes some available information on gender differences of myocardial
injury with particular attention to experimental approach. It has been observed that …

Recent work elucidating the role that the estrogen receptor β (ERβ), a member of the nuclear
receptor superfamily, plays in regulating various physiological functions has highlighted the …

This review takes into consideration the main mechanisms involved in cellular remodeling
following an ischemic injury, with special focus on the possible role played by non-genomic …