Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as pain during the menstrual cycle in the absence of an
identifiable cause. It is one of the most common causes of pelvic pain in women …

Primary dysmenorrhea is defined asmenstrual pain in the absence of pelvic disease. It is
characterized by overproduction of prostaglandins by the endometrium, causing uterine …

Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological
conditions among young females, which has a significant negative impact on health-related …

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common, disregarded, underdiagnosed, and inadequately
treated complaint of both young and adult females. It is characterized by painful cramps in …

Most adolescents will experience discomfort during menstruation. Due to normalization of
dysmenorrhea, there is delay to diagnosis and treatment. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories …

Dysmenorrhea is common and usually independent of, rather than secondary to, pelvic
pathology. Dysmenorrhea occurs in 50% to 90% of adolescent girls and women of …

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to painful cramps before and/or during menstruation.
There is a need for emphasis on alternative methods of conservative treatment, so as to …

Primary dysmenorrheais defined as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology.
Characterized by recurrent, crampy, lower abdominalpainduringmenstruation …

Although nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs can alleviate menstrual pain, about 18% of
women with dysmenorrhea are unresponsive, leaving them and their physicians to pursue …

Primary dysmenorrhea, which is menstrual pain without pelvic pathology, is the most
common gynecologic condition in women. Heat therapy has been used as a treatment. We …