A complex and multilayered immune defence system protects the host against harmful
agents and maintains tissue homeostasis. Cigarette smoke ex posure markedly impacts the …

Drug resistance during chemotherapy is the major obstacle to the successful treatment of
many cancers. Here, we report that inhibition of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) may be a …

Background and Aims Itaconate, a metabolite of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, plays anti‐
inflammatory roles in macrophages during endotoxemia. The mechanisms underlying its …

The cap'n'collar (CNC) bZIP transcription factor Nrf2 controls expression of genes for
antioxidant enzymes, metal-binding proteins, drug-metabolising enzymes, drug transporters …

Reactive oxygen species, either directly or via the formation of lipid peroxidation products,
may play a role in enhancing inflammation through the activation of stress kinases (c-Jun …

Over the years, anthropogenic factors have led to cadmium (Cd) accumulation in the
environment causing various health problems in humans. Although Cd is not a Fenton-like …

Oxidative stress causes damage to multiple cellular components such as DNA, proteins, and
lipids, and is implicated in various human diseases including cancer, neurodegeneration …

Transcription factor nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) controls cellular
adaptation to oxidants and electrophiles by inducing antioxidant and detoxification genes in …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a leading global cause of morbidity and mortality
that is characterised by inexorable deterioration of small airways obstruction with …

Xenobiotics are chemical substances that are foreign to biological systems and include
naturally occurring compounds, drugs, and chemicals. A simple model for understanding the …