The amino acid sequence of a protein affects both its structure and its function. Thus, the
ability to modify the sequence, and hence the structure and activity, of individual proteins in …

It has long been recognized that certain sites within a protein, such as sites in the protein
core or catalytic residues in enzymes, are evolutionarily more conserved than other sites …

The repertoire of proteins and nucleic acids in the living world is determined by evolution;
their properties are determined by the laws of physics and chemistry. Explanations of these …

Interpretation of the colossal number of genetic variants identified from sequencing
applications is one of the major bottlenecks in clinical genetics, with the inference of the …

The study of molecular evolution at the level of protein-coding genes often entails comparing
large datasets of sequences to infer their evolutionary relationships. Despite the importance …

Correlations between sequence evolution and structural dynamics are of utmost importance
in understanding the molecular mechanisms of function and their evolution. We have …

The present review focuses on the evolution of proteins and the impact of amino acid
mutations on function from a structural perspective. Proteins evolve under the law of natural …

Osteoarthritis (OA) has long been viewed as a degenerative disease of cartilage, but
accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a critical role in its pathogenesis. In …

The spike protein (S-protein) of SARS-CoV-2, the protein that enables the virus to infect
human cells, is the basis for many vaccines and a hotspot of concerning virus evolution …

Quantification of the tolerance of protein sites to genetic variation has become a cornerstone
of variant interpretation. We hypothesize that the constraint on missense variation at …