Evo-devo is often thought of as being the study of which genes underlie which phenotypes.
However, evo-devo is much more than this, especially in plant science. In leaf scars along …

Over centuries of plant morphological research, biologists have enthusiastically explored
how distinct vascular arrangements have diversified. These investigations have focused on …

Evidence for secondary growth extends into the Early Devonian, 407 million years ago,
raising questions about tempo and mode of origination of this key developmental feature. To …

Abstract Background and Aims The tribe Paullinieae has the highest diversity of vascular
variants among the seed plants. The developmental diversity is better understood in the …

Discovering how xylem function emerges from xylem structure requires approaches that are
distinct from those invented for wood identification. I exemplify this need for different …

The peculiar characteristics of conifers determine the difficulty of their study and their great
importance from various points of view. However, their study faces numerous important …

Background Phloem wedges furrowing the wood are one of the most notorious, widespread
types of cambial variants in Angiosperms. Many lianas in Malpighiaceae show these …

Lianas (woody vines) have a critical role in ecosystem dynamics, especially in the tropics. At
present, there is an increasing need to develop reliable methods to measure liana's growth …

Abstract The Apocynaceae subfamilies Secamonoideae and Asclepiadoideae have
undergone several transitions during their evolution with regard to growth form and degree …

Andean species of Valeriana are frequently pointed to as an example of island woodiness,
ie plants with herbaceous ancestors that usually evolve woodier forms on islands. We …