It has been long known that patients treated with ionizing radiation carry a risk of developing
a second cancer in their lifetimes. Factors contributing to the recently renewed concern …

This paper aims to review on fetal dose in radiotherapy and extends and updates on a
previous work 1 to include proton therapy. Out-of-field doses, which are the doses received …

The introduction of advanced techniques and technology in radiotherapy has greatly
improved our ability to deliver highly conformal tumor doses while minimizing the dose to …

Purpose: The aim of the work was to estimate the radiation dose delivered to the fetus in a
pregnant patient irradiated for breast cancer. Methods and Materials: A 45-year woman was …

PURPOSE: To estimate the doses of radiation to organs of interest during treatment of
childhood cancer for use in an epidemiologic study of possible heritable diseases, including …

Background and purpose: Published data to estimate the dose outside the primary beam, ie
the peripheral dose (PD), are only valid for perpendicularly incident beams. In radiotherapy …

In radiation therapy, knowledge of the peripheral dose is important when anatomical
structures with very low dose tolerances might be involved. Two of the major sources of …

A growing body of scientific evidence indicates that exposure to low dose ionizing radiation
(< 2 Gy) is associated with a higher risk of developing radio-induced cancer. Additionally, it …

Second cancer risk assessment for radiotherapy is controversial due to the large
uncertainties of the dose–response relationship. This could be improved by a better …

Purpose: The American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 36 (AAPM TG-36)
data can be used to estimate peripheral dose (PD) distributions outside the primary radiation …