The human microbiome is composed of a collection of dynamic microbial communities that
inhabit various anatomical locations in the body. Accordingly, the coevolution of the …

The relationship between diet and the diversity and function of the intestinal microbiome and
its importance for human health is currently the subject of many studies. The type and …

The two most important bacterial phyla in the gastrointestinal tract, Firmicutes and
Bacteroidetes, have gained much attention in recent years. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes …

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the most frequently used probiotics in fermented foods and
beverages and as food supplements for humans or animals, owing to their multiple …

Adequate intake of live probiotics can provide benefits to human health and wellbeing.
However, free probiotics tend to lose their viability during the production, storage, and …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a long-term, progressive, and recurrent intestinal
inflammatory disorder. The pathogenic mechanisms of IBD are multifaceted and associated …

Prebiotics are known for their health benefits to man, including reducing cardiovascular
disease and improving gut health. This review takes a critical assessment of the impact of …

The human intestine is characterized by an abundance of nutrients and a complex
microbiota that make crucial contributions to overall health. These nutrients facilitate the …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS; free radical form O2•−, superoxide radical; OH•, hydroxyl
radical; ROO•, peroxyl; RO•, alkoxyl and non‐radical form 1O2, singlet oxygen; H2O2 …

Probiotics plays an important role in regulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal
homeostasis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from probiotics have emerged as potential …