Due to the advantages in efficacy and safety compared with traditional chemotherapy drugs,
targeted therapeutic drugs have become mainstream cancer treatments. Since the first …

Protein kinases regulate nearly all aspects of cell life, and alterations in their expression, or
mutations in their genes, cause cancer and other diseases. Here, we review the remarkable …

The heat shock proteins (HSPs) are ubiquitous and conserved protein families in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, and they maintain cellular proteostasis and protect …

During angiogenesis, new vessels emerge from existing endothelial lined vessels to
promote the degradation of the vascular basement membrane and remodel the extracellular …

The chemokine ligand CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 are implicated in the initiation and
progression of various cancers. CCL2 can activate tumour cell growth and proliferation …

In the last decade, the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been
revolutionized by the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) directed against …

The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) play crucial
roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is an important mechanism in …

Angiogenesis is the process through which novel blood vessels are formed from pre-existing
ones and it is involved in both physiological and pathological processes of the body …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represents a growth factor with important pro-
angiogenic activity, having a mitogenic and an anti-apoptotic effect on endothelial cells …

Background Cancer is one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide, and we still
lack complementary approaches to significantly enhance the efficacy of standard anticancer …