HIV-1 infection is characterized by genetic diversity wherein distinct viral subtypes (clades A,
B, C, D, E, F, G, K and O) are expanding in different geographical regions. This article deals …

Background: HIV-1 strains have diversified extensively through mutation and recombination
since their initial transmission to human beings many decades ago in Central Africa in the …

Thirty years after the discovery of HIV-1, the early transmission, dissemination, and
establishment of the virus in human populations remain unclear. Using statistical …

Nearly 50% of HIV-infected individuals suffer from some form of HIV-associated
neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HIV-1 Tat (a key HIV t rans a ctivator of t ranscription) …

AIDS is caused by two lentiviruses: HIV-1 and HIV-2 [1, 2]. AIDS was first recognized in the
1980s and is presently the leading cause of death in developing countries. Globally, it is …

Genetic diversity is a hallmark of HIV-1 infection with regard to the expansion of distinct viral
subtypes (clades A, B, C, D, E, F, G, K, and O) in different geographical regions. Here, we …

Background Phylodynamics, the study of the interaction between epidemiological and
pathogen evolutionary processes within and among populations, was originally defined in …

Background CRF02_AG is the predominant HIV strain circulating in West and West Central
Africa. The aim of this study was to test whether this predominance is associated with a …

In this study, we have investigated the diversity of current HIV-1 strains circulating in the
metropolitan area of Lisbon, Portugal. A total of 217 HIV-1-positive blood samples, collected …

We developed a simple, rapid, inexpensive, and highly sensitive and specific strategy for the
detection and lineage differentiation of primate lentiviruses (PIV-ELISA). It is based on the …