Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and annually it
causes over 150,000 deaths in Europe and 700,000 deaths globally. The incidence of …

This review focuses on the most common diagnostic pitfalls and helpful morphologic and
immunohistochemical markers in the differential diagnosis between the different subtypes of …

Colon cancer incidence and mortality rates are lower in females compared with males, and
numerous epidemiological studies suggest that estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) …

The higher frequency of human lung adenocarcinoma in females than in males, strongly
suggests the involvement of gender dependent factors in the etiology of this disease. This is …

Background There are conflicting data regarding the role of sex hormones in colorectal
cancer development. Whereas clinical trials data indicate that hormone therapy use reduces …

Background Increasing interest has been devoted to the expression and possible role of sex
hormone receptors in gastric cancer, but most of these findings are controversial. In the …

Background The presence of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen receptor β (ERβ) have
been reported in cell and tissue level in gastric cancer, but its impact on patients' survival …

Background & Aims: Sex steroids influence IBD symptoms. Macrophage migration inhibitory
factor (MIF), a target of sex steroids in other inflammatory models, promotes interleukin (IL) …

Background: Reproductive and menstrual factors have been evaluated as surrogates for
long-term hormonal exposures in several prospective studies of colorectal cancer, yet …

Epidemiological studies describe estrogens as protectors in the development of colon
cancer in postmenopausal women treated with hormone replacement therapy. However, the …