Caffeine, nicotine, ethanol and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are among the most prevalent
and culturally accepted drugs in western society. For example, in Europe and North America …

Alcohol is the most commonly used recreational drug globally and its consumption, often in
large volume, is deeply embedded in many aspects of Western society. Indeed, athletes are …

Nationwide Survey on Nutritional Habits in Elite Athletes Page 1 S3 Nationwide Survey on
Nutritional Habits in Elite Athletes Part I. Energy, Carbohydrate, Protein, and Fat Intake* AM .1 …

Background The COVID-19 outbreak has not only changed the lifestyles of people globally
but has also resulted in other challenges, such as the requirement of self-isolation and …

Drug use and abuse is perhaps the biggest challenge facing sport today. However, in the
eye of the storm of public and press opinion and with medals and morals at stake, it can be …

Skeletal muscle dysfunction (ie, myopathy) is common in patients with alcohol use disorder.
However, few clinical studies have elucidated the significance, mechanisms, and …

Background: Chronic alcohol misuse is associated with alcoholic myopathy, characterized
by skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. Moreover, there is evidence that sports-related …

Alcohol consumption within elite sport has been continually reported both anecdotally within
the media and quantitatively in the literature. The detrimental effects of alcohol on human …

Drug use among athletes has become a recognised problem in sports. Athletes may use
drugs for therapeutic indications, for recreational or social reasons, as ergogenic aids or to …

The use of alcohol is often intimately associated with sport, and the association is
particularly strong in football. As well as providing a source of energy, alcohol (ethanol) has …