Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), one of the most common metabolic disorders, is caused
by a combination of two primary factors: defective insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells and …

In animals, systemic control of metabolism is conducted by metabolic tissues and relies on
the regulated circulation of a plethora of molecules, such as hormones and lipoprotein …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are∼ 22 nt RNAs that direct posttranscriptional repression of mRNA
targets in diverse eukaryotic lineages. In humans and other mammals, these small RNAs …

INTRODUCTION Recently, a special class of RNAs has excited researchers and triggered
hundreds of now-published studies. Known as circular RNAs (circRNAs), these RNAs are …

The pancreatic β-cell plays a key role in glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin, the only
hormone capable of lowering the blood glucose concentration. Impaired insulin secretion …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play increasingly appreciated gene-regulatory roles. Here, we
describe a regulatory network centered on four ncRNAs—a long ncRNA, a circular RNA …

Among the identified thousands of circular RNAs (circRNA) in humans and animals, Cdr1as
(also known as CiRS-7) was recently demonstrated to act as a powerful miR-7 …

Micro RNA s (mi RNA s) have within the past decade emerged as key regulators of
metabolic homoeostasis. Major tissues in intermediary metabolism important during …

Like all the cells of an organism, pancreatic β-cells originate from embryonic stem cells
through a complex cellular process termed differentiation. Differentiation involves the …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for 90–95% cases of diabetes, is characterized
by chronic inflammation. The mechanisms that control inflammation activation in T2DM are …