Under normal physiological conditions, the lung remains an oxygen rich environment.
However, prominent regions of hypoxia are a common feature of infected and inflamed …

The outcome in adult bronchiectasis has not been well described; in particular there has
been a lack of long-term prospective studies. Therefore a follow-up study was performed to …

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with high morbidity,
mortality, and healthcare costs. Cigarette smoke is a causative factor; however, not all heavy …

Bacterial infection of the lower respiratory tract in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) patients is common both in stable patients and during acute exacerbations. The …

Monocytes were critical cells in the innate immune system. Monocyte recruitment to the
lungs is a crucial process of pathophysiology in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease …

Background We aimed to describe the effectiveness and safety of inhaled antibiotics in
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients, as well as the patient profile in …

The immediate aim of this study was to comparatively examine the bacterial respiratory
microbiome of patients in a stable state and during an exacerbation of asthma–COPD …

Background Lower airway bacterial colonisation (LABC) in COPD patients is associated with
increased exacerbation frequency and faster lung function decline. Defective macrophage …

Chronic smoking is characterized by immunosuppressive changes in the airways, leading to
chronic colonization with bacteria, which in turn may contribute to the chronic obstructive …

COPD is a major public health problem because of its high prevalence (about 10% of the
adult population), rising incidence (likely related to the ageing of the population), associated …