Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women worldwide. The
heterogeneity of this disease presents a big challenge in its therapeutic management …

Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal cerebral glucose metabolism is largely present
in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The brain utilizes glucose as its main energy source and a …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), as the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM),
is the major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Renal interstitial fibrosis is a crucial …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. Interstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis and inflammation play the central role in …

Diabetic neuropathy is regarded as one of the most debilitating outcomes of diabetes
mellitus and may cause pain, decreased motility, and even amputation. Diabetic neuropathy …

Elevated blood pressure is closely related to increased circulatory fluid volume and
peripheral vascular resistance. Patients with diabetes mellitus experience increased …

Chronic diabetes is associated with metabolic and haemodynamic stresses which can
facilitate modifications to DNA, proteins and lipids, induce cellular dysfunction and damage …

With the advances in biomedical technologies, natural products have attracted substantial
public attention in the area of drug discovery. Flavonoids are a class of active natural …

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are small plasma membrane-derived particles released into the
extracellular space by virtually all cell types. Recently, EV have received increased interest …

Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening metabolic syndrome. Over the past few decades, the
incidence of diabetes has climbed exponentially. Several therapeutic approaches have …