Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition which has been established as a risk factor for
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Although the understanding of the relationship …

The heart and brain have bi-directional influences on each other, including autonomic
regulation and hemodynamic connections. Heart rate variability (HRV) measures variation in …

Abstract Evaluation of disorders of the autonomic nervous system is both an art and a
science, calling upon the physician's most astute clinical skills as well as knowledge of …

Background Falls are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in dementia, but there have
been no prospective studies of risk factors for falling specific to this patient population, and …

Dementia can occur in a substantial number of patients with Parkinson's disease with a point
prevalence close to 30%. The cognitive profile is characterized by predominant deficits in …

At present, the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still unclear, but both genetic and non-
genetic factors are thought to take part in the etiopathogenesis of AD. Epidemiologic …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, disabling, neurodegenerative disorder. In addition to
classical motor symptoms, non-motor features are now widely accepted as part of the clinical …

Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension and supine hypertension are common manifestations of
cardiovascular dysautonomia in Parkinson's disease and related synucleinopathies …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are important causes of cognitive
decline in the elderly. As a result of the aging population, the incidence of dementia is …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are important causes of cognitive
decline in the elderly. As a result of an ageing population worldwide, the incidence of …