Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE) is a versatile nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR)-based method that allows characterization of the structure and dynamics …

Biomolecular electrostatics has been a subject of computational investigations based on 3D
structures. This situation is changing because emerging experimental tools allow us to …

Highly negatively charged segments containing only aspartate or glutamate residues (“D/E
repeats”) are found in many eukaryotic proteins. For example, the C-terminal 30 residues of …

Electrostatic potentials around macromolecules in the presence of mobile charges are
difficult to assess especially for highly charged systems. Here, we report measurements of …

Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE) arising from nitroxide-based
cosolutes has recently been used to provide an atomic view of cosolute-induced protein …

Electrostatic interactions are fundamental to RNA structure and function, and intimately
influenced by solvation and the ion atmosphere. RNA enzymes, or ribozymes, are catalytic …

Counterions are vital for the structure and function of biomolecules. However, the behavior
of counterions remains elusive due to the difficulty in characterizing mobile ions. Here, we …

The nonspecific atmosphere around nucleic acids, often termed the ion atmosphere,
encompasses a collection of weak ion–nucleic acid interactions. Although nonspecific, the …

Ions are involved in multiple biological processes and may exist bound to biomolecules or
may be associated with their surface. Although the presence of ions in nucleic acids has …

Human antigen R (HuR) is an RNA binding protein mainly involved in maintaining the
stability and controlling the translation of mRNAs, critical for immune response, cell survival …