Fingolimod (FTY720) is a first-in-class orally bioavailable compound that has shown efficacy
in advanced clinical trials for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). In vivo, fingolimod is …

Remyelination involves reinvesting demyelinated axons with new myelin sheaths. In stark
contrast to the situation that follows loss of neurons or axonal damage, remyelination in the …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) exhibits many of the hallmarks of an inflammatory autoimmune
disorder including breakdown of the blood‐brain barrier (BBB), the recruitment of …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease and a common cause of
neurological disability in young adults. The modest heritability of MS reflects complex …

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is still the most widely accepted animal
model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Different types of EAE have been developed in order to …

Over 25 years have passed since peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptors (PPARs),
were first described. Like other members of the nuclear receptors superfamily, PPARs have …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has traditionally been considered to be a T-cell-mediated disease.
However, there is an increasing body of evidence for the involvement of B cells and …

B cells are increasingly recognized as major players in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. The
BAFF/APRIL system is crucial for B cell homoeostasis and may drive B cell-dependent …

Background Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous
system with a pronounced neurodegenerative component. It has been suggested that novel …

Dysfunction of adenosinergic systems has been implicated in the development of multiple
sclerosis in humans and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animals …