Although milk consumption is increasing worldwide, in some geographical regions, its
consumption has persistently declined in recent decades. This fact, together with the …

Beta-casein makes up about 30% of the total protein contained in milk and can be present in
cows' milk in two distinct forms (A1 or A2) or as a combination of the two. The only difference …

A diet shift towards a more plant-based food consumption is advocated for sustainable,
health and ethical reasons. Still, a diet change remains a societal challenge. The objective …

The possible adverse effect of consuming bovine milk with A1 β-casein (but not with A2 β-
casein) on health aspects due to the release of β-casomorphin-7 (BCM-7) is currently under …

Abstract Beta-casomorphin-7 (BCM7) represents the fragment Val 60-Ile 66 of bovine β-
casein (β-CN), and there is evidence that it is more easily released during gastrointestinal …

Many studies highlighted potential associations of β-casein A1 with specific human diseases
and a minor digestibility of milk, due to the bioactive peptide β-casomorphin 7 (BCM-7) …

Bovine milk is one of the best pre-and pro-workout sources for athletes owing to its rich
nutritional content. Even though bovine milk consumption significantly benefits athletes' …

The 2 major subvariants of β-casein (A1 and A2), coded by CSN2 gene, have received great
interest in the last decade both from the scientific community and the dairy sector due to their …

The purpose of this study was to compare the structural and physical properties between
normal bovine milk and A2 bovine milk fermented using commercial fermentation bacteria …

This study investigated the acid and rennet milk coagulation properties of A2 milk (β-casein
(CN) A2A2 genotype), in comparison to a control milk (blend of A2A1/A1A1/A2A2 …