The highly selective nature of organ-specific autoimmune disease is consistent with a critical
role for adaptive immune responses against specific autoantigens. In type 1 diabetes …

Overt autoantibodies to the smaller isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) are a
characteristic in patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) …

Antigen-specific B cells (ASBCs) can drive autoimmune disease by presenting autoantigen
to cognate T cells to drive their activation, proliferation, and effector cell differentiation and/or …

The nonobese mouse model of autoimmune diabetes (NOD mouse) exhibits a strain-
dependent preponderance of disease in females. Castration of male NOD mice leads to an …

Animal model and clinical studies indicate that type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-
mediated autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. This review …

The diversity of immunoglobulin (Ig) and T cell receptor (TCR) genes available to form the
lymphocyte repertoire has the capacity to produce a broad array of both protective and …

OBJECTIVE—Although the H2g7 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) provides the
primary pathogenic component, the development of T-cell–mediated autoimmune type 1 …

Type 1 diabetes, a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental factors, results
from the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. The maternal environment has been suggested to …

Autoreactive B cells are essential for the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. The genesis and
dynamics of autoreactive B cells remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed the immune …

Aims/hypothesis Type 1 diabetes is characterised by early peri-islet insulitis and insulin
autoantibodies, followed by invasive insulitis and beta cell destruction. The immunological …