Blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a natural protective membrane that prevents central nervous
system (CNS) from toxins and pathogens in blood. However, the presence of BBB …

Recently, multifunctional drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been designed to provide a
comprehensive approach with multiple functionalities, including diagnostic imaging …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) constitutes a microvascular network responsible for excluding
most drugs from the brain. Treatment of brain tumors is limited by the impermeability of the …

Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted tremendous interest in drug delivery in the past decades.
Microfluidics offers a promising strategy for making NPs for drug delivery due to its capability …

RNA interference mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has been exploited for the
development of therapeutics. siRNAs can be a powerful therapeutic tool because the …

The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly
valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and …

Malignant brain tumors, a heterogeneous group of primary and metastatic neoplasms in the
central nervous system (CNS), are notorious for their highly invasive and devastating …

Carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (SACs) are very promising for biomedical
applications due to their unique superiorities, including uniform size in nanoscale, ease of …

Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (NBDDS) are widely used to improve the safety
and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated drugs due to their unique physicochemical and …

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are aggressive primary brain tumors with fatal outcome. Traditional
chemo-radiotherapy has poor therapeutic effect and significant side effects, due to the drug …