Rickets is a disease of the growing child arising from alterations in calcium and phosphate
homeostasis resulting in impaired apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes in the growth …

As the population is ageing and lifestyle is changing, the prevalence of musculoskeletal
(MSK) disorders is gradually increasing with each passing year, posing a serious threat to …

Nutrient-rich foods play a major role in countering the challenges of nourishing an
increasing global population. Milk is a source of high-quality protein and bioavailable amino …

Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and its isoenzymes reflect bone metabolism: ALP
increases the ratio of inorganic phosphate to pyrophosphate systemically and facilitates …

Here, we discuss the management of different forms of rickets, including new therapeutic
approaches based on recent guidelines. Management includes close monitoring of growth …

Abstract Children's Vitamin D (VitD) fortification and supplementation are diminishing due to
less outdoor exercise and insufficient VitD intake (low exogenous intake and endogenous …

Vitamin D plays a vital role in regulating calcium and phosphate metabolism and
maintaining bone health. A state of prolonged or profound vitamin D deficiency (VDD) can …

Nutrition-acquired osteomalacia is a bone mineralization disorder associated with dietary
calcium and/or solar vitamin D deficiency, risk factors considered common in the Middle …

Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was identified at the turn of the century as the long-
sought circulating phosphatonin in human pathology. Since then, several clinical and …

Vitamin D is mainly produced in the skin (cholecalciferol) as result of sun exposure while a
fraction of it is obtained from dietary sources (ergocalciferol). Vitamin D is further processed …