Stem cell differentiation is of great interest in medical research; however, specifically and
effectively regulating stem cell differentiation is still a challenge. In addition to chemical …

Bone homeostasis is a complex process, wherein osteoclasts resorb bone and osteoblasts
produce new bone tissue. For the maintenance of skeletal integrity, this sequence has to be …

The balance of redox homeostasis is key to stem cell maintenance and differentiation.
However, this balance is disrupted by the overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were regarded as one of the most promising type of seed
cells in tissue engineering due to its easy accessibility and multipotent feature of being able …

Tissue engineering (TE) has provided promising strategies for regenerating tissue defects,
but few TE approaches have been translated for clinical applications. One major barrier in …

Stem cells have the unique capacity to differentiate into many cell types during embryonic
development and postnatal growth. Through coordinated cellular behaviors (self‐renewal …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that show self-renewal, multi-
directional differentiation, and paracrine and immune regulation. As a result of these …

Chondrocytes communicate with each other mainly via diffusible signals rather than direct
cell‐to‐cell contact. The chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is …

Bone regeneration is a complex process that requires the coordination of osteogenesis and
osteoclastogenesis. The balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis of bone marrow …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), enabled to self-renew, differentiate, and initiate the bulk tumor,
are recognized as the culprit of treatment resistance, metastasis, and recurrence …