Abstract Theory predicts the emergence of generalists in variable environments and
antagonistic pleiotropy to favour specialists in constant environments, but empirical data …

In ectotherms, temperature and body size are the most influential and well studied variables
affecting metabolic rate. Understanding mechanisms driving the evolution of metabolic rates …

Our understanding of latitudinal life history patterns may benefit by jointly considering age
and mass at maturity and growth rate. Additional insight may be gained by exploring …

For modelling the future ecological responses to climate change, data on individual species
and on variation within and between populations from different latitudes are required. 2. We …

Phenotypic plasticity may allow species to cope with environmental variation. The study of
thermal plasticity and its evolution helps understanding how populations respond to …

Thermokarst lakes are formed as a result of thawing ice-rich permafrost, transforming vast
permafrost soil into lake sediment and changing the biogeochemistry of carbon (C), nitrogen …

Insect life cycles are adapted to a seasonal climate by expressing alternative voltinism
phenotypes—the number of generations in a year. Variation in voltinism phenotypes along …

Beach-spawning fishes from exotic locations on most continents of the world provide
spectacular examples of extreme adaptations during the most vulnerable life cycle stages …

The level of phenotypic plasticity displayed within a population (ie the slope of the reaction
norm) reflects the short-term response of a population to environmental change, while …

The contribution of new mutations to phenotypic variation and the consequences of this
variation for individual fitness are fundamental concepts for understanding genetic variation …