Aim Clinical resistance is a complex phenomenon in major human cancers involving
multifactorial mechanisms, and hypoxia is one of the key components that affect the cellular …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcriptional activators that function as master
regulators of oxygen homeostasis, which is disrupted in disorders affecting the circulatory …

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are broadly expressed in human cancers, and HIF1α and
HIF2α were previously suspected to promote tumour progression through largely …

Adaptation of cancer cells to their microenvironment is an important driving force in the
clonal selection that leads to invasive and metastatic disease. O 2 concentrations are …

Background & Aims Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) are hypovascular,
resulting in the up-regulation of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), which promotes …

The induction of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activity, either as a result of intratumoral
hypoxia or loss-of-function mutations in the VHL gene, leads to a dramatic reprogramming of …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths
worldwide, with an exceedingly low 5-year survival rate. PDAC tumors are characterized by …

Glycolysis is a typical conduit for energy metabolism in pancreatic cancer (PC) due to the
hypoxic microenviroment. Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) catalyzes the conversion of …

Pancreatic cancer is highly chemoresistant. A major contributing factor is the characteristic
extensive stromal or fibrotic reaction, which comprises up to 90% of the tumor volume. Over …

Background: The expression of L-type amino-acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is tumour-specific
and has been shown to have essential roles in cell growth and survival. However, little is …