In 1871, the observation of yellowish nodules in the enlarged spleen of a cow was
considered to be the first reported case of bovine leukemia. The etiological agent of this …

The Tax1 oncoprotein encoded by Human T-lymphotropic virus type I is a major determinant
of viral persistence and pathogenesis. Tax1 affects a wide variety of cellular signalling …

Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a human retrovirus that is associated with
two main diseases: HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) …

The molecular hallmarks of adult T cell leukemia (ATL) comprise outstanding deregulations
of signaling pathways that control the cell cycle, resistance to apoptosis, and proliferation of …

Human T cell leukemia viruses (HTLVs) are complex human retroviruses of the
Deltaretrovirus genus. Four types have been identified thus far, with HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 …

The main mechanisms of interaction between Human T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1)
and its hosts in the manifestation of the related disease including HTLV‐1 associated …

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a T-cell malignancy caused by human T lymphotropic virus
type I, and presents as an aggressive leukemia with characteristic widespread leukemic cell …

Background Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 both target T
lymphocytes, yet induce radically different phenotypic outcomes. HTLV-1 is a causative …

Human T-lymphotropic viruses type 1 (HTLV-1) and type 2 (HTLV-2) present very similar
genomic structures but HTLV-1 is more pathogenic than HTLV-2. Is this difference due to …

Recruitment of virus-infected T lymphocytes into the CNS is an essential step in the
development of virus-associated neuroinflammatory diseases, notably myelopathy induced …