BACKGROUND: Chronic spinal pain is the most prevalent chronic disease with employment
of multiple modes of interventional techniques including epidural interventions. Multiple …

Background: Chronic axial spinal pain is one of the major causes of significant disability and
health care costs, with facet joints as one of the proven causes of pain. Objective: To provide …

Background The past two decades have witnessed a surge in the use of cervical spine joint
procedures including joint injections, nerve blocks and radiofrequency ablation to treat …

Radiofrequency neurotomy (RFN), also known as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), is a
common interventional procedure used to treat pain from an innervated structure. RFN has …

Background: Epidural injections are one of the commonly performed procedures in
managing low back and lower extremity pain. In the past, Pinto et al and Chou et al …

Background: Traditional pain assessment methods have significant limitations due to the
high variability in patient reported pain scores and perception of pain by different individuals …

Background: Regenerative medicine interventions are applied to assist in the repair, and to
potentially replace or restore damaged tissue through the use of autologous/allogenic …

BACKGROUND: The Best Practices in Pain Management from the US Department of Health
and Human Services (HHS) describes interventional techniques as part of a continuum …

Background: Research into cervical spinal pain syndromes has indicated that the cervical
facet joints can be a potent source of neck pain, headache, and referred pain into the upper …

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in major disruptions in all aspects of human
life including a decline of medical services utilized during 2020. An analysis of the impact of …