Background Odontocetes (toothed whales) are the most species-rich marine mammal
lineage. The catalyst for their evolutionary success is echolocation-a form of biological sonar …

Carnivorans are a highly diverse and successful group of mammals, found on the top of the
food chain. They originated in the Palaeocene (ca. 60 Ma) and have developed numerous …

Toothed whales (Cetacea: Odontoceti) are the most diverse group of modern cetaceans,
originating during the Eocene/Oligocene transition approximately 38 Ma. All extant …

Cetaceans (baleen and toothed whales) present a unique set of adaptations for life in water.
Among other abilities, the two living groups can hear and produce different sound …

Background Echolocation was a key development in toothed whale evolution, enabling their
adaptation and diversification across various environments. Previous bioacoustic and …

Pliopithecoids are an extinct group of catarrhine primates from the Miocene of Eurasia. More
than 50 years ago, they were linked to hylobatids due to some morphological similarities, but …

The inner ear labyrinth is an organ able to perceive balance and spatial orientation, but the
drivers of its morphological variation across and within vertebrate lineages are unclear. We …

Otoliths of actinopterygians are calcified structures playing a key role in hearing and
equilibrium functions. To understand their morphological diversification, we quantified the …

Bony labyrinth morphology varies across marine mammals and contains key information
regarding hearing sensitivity and ecology. The hearing ranges of globicephaline …

In morphological traits, variation within species is generally considered to be lower than
variation among species, although this assumption is rarely tested. This is particularly …