The liver carries out a wide range of functions ranging from the control of metabolites,
nutrient storage, and detoxification to immunosurveillance. While inflammation is essential …

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram-negative, anaerobic bacterium that lives in the oral
cavity. It is an integral part of the oral microbiome, which includes more than 500 types of …

The clinical management of chronic periodontitis with diabetes mellitus (CPDM) is a long-
standing thorny issue. The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of …

Despite a clear correlation between the infiltration of periodontal pathogens in the brain and
cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the precise mechanism underlying bacteria …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic liver disease that can eventually
lead to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) is the …

Host immune response via Th17 cells against oral pathobionts is a key mediator in
periodontitis development. However, where and how the Th17-type immune response is …

Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical, bilayered, and nanosized membrane
vesicles that are secreted from gram-negative bacteria. OMVs play a pivotal role in …

Gut microbiota play many important roles, such as the regulation of immunity and barrier
function in the intestine, and are crucial for maintaining homeostasis in living organisms. The …

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by periodontal pathogens in
subgingival plaque and is associated with systemic inflammatory diseases. Extracellular …

The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the gut and central
nervous system. Many host-related factors can affect gut microbiota, including oral bacteria …