Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the death of neurons, ie,
cells critical to the production of dopamine, an important neurotransmitter in the brain. Here …

Risperidone is one of the most commonly used antipsychotics (AP), due to its safety and
efficacy in reducing psychotic symptoms. Despite the favorable side effect profile, the …

Early-life stress is associated with a high prevalence of mental illnesses such as post-
traumatic stress disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety …

Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are neuromodulators that influence a wide range of neural
systems and behaviors. In the current review, we describe our recent research showing how …

The piriform cortex (PCx) is essential for the adaptive processing of olfactory information.
Neuromodulatory systems, including those utilizing serotonin, acetylcholine, noradrenaline …

Modulatory mechanisms of neurotransmitter release and clearance are highly controlled
processes whose finely tuned regulation is critical for functioning of the nervous system …

Transgenic mouse lines are instrumental in our attempt to understand brain function.
Promoters driving transgenic expression of the gene encoding Cre recombinase are crucial …

The hypothalamus is the region in the ventral brain which coordinates the endocrine system.
It receives many signals from various regions of the brain and in return, releases both …

Dopamine neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC) tonically inhibit the release
of the protein hormone prolactin from lactotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland and thus …

Ghrelin is an orexigenic neuropeptide that is known for stimulating the release of growth
hormone (GH) and appetite. In addition, ghrelin has been implicated in addiction to drugs …