The α-Gal syndrome (AGS) is a pathognomonic immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated delayed
anaphylaxis in foods containing the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1, 3-galactose (α-Gal) such …

Recent studies support the previously established positive associations between
environmental factors and most of the autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, further studies …

The latest WHO report determined the increasing diversity within the CoV-2 omicron and its
descendent lineages. Some heavily mutated offshoots of BA. 5 and BA. 2, such as BA. 4.6 …

Brucellosis is a relatively common zoonosis, particularly in the developing countries. Our
aim was to cultivate the Brucella wild-type strain from eggs of Dermacentor marginatus, and …

Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) consist of a large group of genetic disorders that
affect distinct components of the immune system. PID patients are susceptible to infection …

Tick-borne encephalitis is the most important tick-transmitted zoonotic virus infection in
Eurasia, causing severe neurological symptoms in humans. The causative agent, the tick …

Ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods and must tolerate starvation during off‐host
periods. Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is a well-conserved self-eating mechanism …

Background: Vaccines have been widely exploited to prevent tick-borne infections in cattle.
Most vaccines have faced failure in the field because of inconsistency in an immune …

Ticks and tick-borne diseases have negative impacts on the health of wild animals including
endangered and vulnerable species. The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), a …

Abstract Rhicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (R.(B.) microplus) is a hematophagous
ectoparasite of Indo-Asian origin that is found in tropical and subtropical regions, which has …