Influenza A and B viruses are among the most prominent human respiratory pathogens.
About 3–5 million severe cases of influenza are associated with 300 000–650 000 deaths …

Influenza A viruses (IAV) are widespread viruses affecting avian and mammalian species
worldwide. IAVs from avian species can be transmitted to mammals including humans and …

Respiratory viruses, such as influenza viruses, cause significant morbidity and mortality
worldwide through seasonal epidemics and sporadic pandemics. Influenza viruses transmit …

The development of safe and effective vaccines in a record time after the emergence of the
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a remarkable …

Emerging bio-contaminants such as viruses have affected health and environment settings
of every country. Viruses are the minuscule entities resulting in severe contagious diseases …

Ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) have been used as small animal models to investigate severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) infections …

Respiratory tract infections (RTI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. A
large number of RTIs is caused by viruses, often resulting in more severe disease in infants …

Endocytosis, or internalization through endosomes, is a major cell entry mechanism used by
respiratory viruses. Phosphoinositide 5-kinase (PIKfyve) is a critical enzyme for the synthesis …

Vaccines are essential tools to prevent infection and control transmission of infectious
diseases that threaten public health. Most infectious agents enter their hosts across mucosal …

The productive replication of human influenza viruses is almost exclusively restricted to cells
in the respiratory tract. However, a key aspect of the host response to viral infection is the …