Background Advances in obstetric and neonatal medical care and assisted reproductive
technology have increased the rates of preterm birth, decreased preterm mortality rates, and …

Perinatal care advances emerging over the past twenty years have helped to diminish the
mortality and severe neurological morbidity of extremely and very preterm neonates (eg …

Altered hippocampal morphology and reduced volumes have been found in children born
preterm compared to full-term. Stress inhibits neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and …

Perinatal brain injury frequently complicates preterm birth and leads to significant long‐term
morbidity. Cytokines and inflammatory cells are mediators in the common pathways …

Protective strategies against perinatal brain injury represent a major challenge for modern
neonatology. Erythropoietin (Epo) enhances endogenous mechanisms of repair and …

Importance Premature infants are at risk of developing encephalopathy of prematurity, which
is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental delay. Erythropoietin was shown to be …

Genetic anomalies have a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Each genetic factor is
responsible for a small fraction of cases. Environment factors, like preterm delivery, have an …

The pathophysiology of perinatal brain injury is multifactorial and involves hypoxia-ischemia
(HI) and inflammation. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR) are present on neurons …

Newborn neurological injuries are the leading cause of intellectual and motor disabilities
that are associated with cerebral palsy. Cerebral white matter injury is a common feature in …

High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) demonstrates transient radial coherence
of telencephalic white matter in the human fetus. Our objective was to define the …