Though the hunger-reduction phenomenon reported during ketogenic diets is well-known,
the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain uncertain. Ketosis has been …

Glycolysis, a simple pathway of glucose metabolism, critically regulates insulin secretion
and metabolic functions of various cells. Depending on cell types, rates of glycolysis are …

Nutrient availability is critical for the physiological functions of all tissues. By contrast, an
excess of nutrients such as carbohydrate and fats impair health and shorten life due by …

Hypothalamic insulin signaling is essential to the maintenance of glucose and energy
homeostasis. During pathological states, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus …

The hypothalamus plays a major part in regulating energy homeostasis by integrating
hormonal and nutritional signals. Increasing evidence shows that specific neurons in the …

Intensive insulin therapy and protein restriction delay the development of nephropathy in a
variety of conditions, but few interventions are known to reverse nephropathy. Having …

The distinct lack of cell lines derived from the adult brain is evident. Ciliary neurotrophic
factor (CNTF) triggers neurogenesis in primary culture from adult mouse hypothalamus, as …

CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is an 11 zinc finger DNA-binding domain protein that
regulates gene expression by modifying 3D chromatin structure. Human mutations in CTCF …

Supplying microalgae with extra CO 2 is a promising means for improving lipid production.
The molecular mechanisms involved in lipid accumulation under conditions of elevated CO …

11beta-Hydroxylase (hCYP11B1) and aldosterone synthase (hCYP11B2) are closely
related isozymes with distinct roles in cortisol and aldosterone production respectively …