Osteoporosis is a systemic and degenerative disease characterized by low bone mass and
fragile microarchitecture, which predispose patients to fragility fractures, also known as …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are an end product released from almost all living cells such as
eukaryotic cells and bacteria. These membrane vesicles containing proteins, lipids, and …

Articular cartilage injury is a frequent worldwide disease, while effective treatment is urgently
needed. Due to lack of blood vessels and nerves, the ability of cartilage to self-repair is …

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disorder in which the skin is
affected by microbial dysbiosis. The role of commensal skin microbiota in AD is of great …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale membrane-enveloped vesicles secreted by
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, which are commonly defined as membrane vesicles (MVs) …

With the rapid development of population ageing, bone-related diseases seriously affecting
the life of the elderly. Over the past few years, organoids, cell clusters with specific functions …

Exosomes (EXOs), minute membranous structures originating from diverse biological
sources, have recently seized the attention of researchers due to their theranostic potential …

In the field of orthopedics, defects in large bones have proven challenging to resolve. The
aim of the present study was to address this problem through the combination of tantalum …

Membrane vesicles are produced by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. While
membrane vesicles are potent elicitors of eukaryotic cells and involved in cell-cell …

Intercellular communication, through direct and indirect cell contact, is mandatory in
multicellular organisms. These last years, the microenvironment, and in particular, transfer …