The human genome comprises 8% endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), the majority of which
are defective due to deleterious mutations. Nonetheless, transcripts of ERVs are found in …

HIV spreads more efficiently in vitro when infected cells directly contact uninfected cells to
form virological synapses. A hallmark of virological synapses is that viruses can be …

The review intends to present and recapitulate the current knowledge on the roles and
importance of regulatory RNAs, such as microRNAs and small interfering RNAs, RNA …

Rationale: Viruses hijack the host cell machinery to promote viral replication; however, the
mechanism by which metabolic reprogramming regulates innate antiviral immunity in the …

SAMHD1 is a cellular protein that plays key roles in HIV-1 restriction and regulation of
cellular dNTP levels. Mutations in SAMHD1 are also implicated in the pathogenesis of …

Through the combined action of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes, conjugation of
ubiquitin to a target protein acts as a reversible post-translational modification functionally …

Background: Immune dysregulation has been linked to occlusive vascular remodeling in
pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) that is hereditary, idiopathic, or associated with other …

Sterile α motif and histidine-aspartate domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) plays a critical
role in inhibiting HIV infection, curtailing the pool of dNTPs available for reverse transcription …

Type I interferons (IFN-I) were identified over 50 years ago as cytokines critical for host
defense against viral infections. IFN-I promote anti-viral defense through two main …

The type I interferon (IFN) response is the major host arsenal against invading viruses. IRGM
is a negative regulator of IFN responses under basal conditions. However, the role of human …