Two-dimensional and three-dimensional cell culture systems are widely used for biological
studies, and are the basis of the organoid, tissue engineering and organ-on-chip research …

Abstract 3D printer technology is one of the innovations brought by the industrial age. It has
been in our lives for many years. It is rapidly developing and used in many sectors like …

Abstract β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is one the most used and potent synthetic bone
graft substitute. It is not only osteoconductive, but also osteoinductive. These properties …

Wound management remains a challenge worldwide, although there are several developed
wound dressing materials for the management of acute and chronic wounds. The wound …

Bovine xenograft materials, followed by synthetic biomaterials, which unfortunately still lack
documented predictability and clinical performance, dominate the market for the cranio …

Keratin constitutes the major component of the feather, hair, hooves, horns, and wool
represents a group of biological material having high cysteine content (7–13%) as …

During the past two decades, tissue engineering and the regenerative medicine field have
invested in the regeneration and reconstruction of pathologically altered tissues, such as …

The precision in the design and manufacturing of scaffolds with ideal properties such as
biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical and surface characteristics is very crucial for …

Natural polymers are complex organic molecules that occur in the natural environment and
have not been subjected to artificial synthesis. They are frequently encountered in various …

Bioprinting techniques have been flourishing in the field of biofabrication with pronounced
and exponential developments in the past years. Novel biomaterial inks used for the …