Secondary metabolites in plants have been recognized as a novel basis of potential bio-
pesticides, paving the way for their use in sustainable agriculture. Plant secondary …

Several environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic factors, adversely affect the
growth and development of crops, thereby lowering their yield. However, abiotic factors, eg …

Due to their sessile state, plants are inevitably affected by and respond to the external
environment. So far, plants have developed multiple adaptation and regulation strategies to …

Plants have various self-defense mechanisms against biotic attacks, involving both physical
and chemical barriers. Physical barriers include spines, trichomes, and cuticle layers …

Plants are sessile organisms that need to adapt to constantly changing environmental
conditions. Unpredictable climate change places plants under a variety of abiotic stresses …

Climate change is a major threat to crop productivity that negatively affects food security
worldwide. Increase in global temperatures are usually accompanied by drought, flooding …

DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification of the genome involved in the regulation of
gene expression and modulation of chromatin structure. Plant genomes are widely …

Plant development processes are regulated by epigenetic alterations that shape nuclear
structure, gene expression, and phenotypic plasticity; these alterations can provide the plant …

Epigenetic changes are the heritable modifications in genes without altering DNA
sequences. The epigenetic changes occur in the plant genomes to regulate gene …

DNA methylation is a dynamic epigenetic mechanism that plays a significant role in gene
expression and also maintains chromatin stability. The process is conserved in both plants …