Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, which
is largely caused by virus infection. About 80% of the virus-infected people develop a …

Major histocompatibility complex class I related chain A (MICA) is an important and stress-
induced ligand of the natural killer group 2 member D receptor (NKG2D) that is expressed in …

Natural killer cells are a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy. Natural killer cells
have high intrinsic killing capability, and the insertion of a chimeric antigen receptor can …

The incidence of certain forms of tumors has increased progressively in recent years and is
expected to continue growing as life expectancy continues to increase. Tumor-infiltrating NK …

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies have achieved remarkable success.
However, application-related toxicities, such as cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity …

MicroRNAs act as crucial post-transcriptional regulators of various biological processes.
Their role in regulating the differentiation and development of the various immune cells of …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) are important regulators that modulate cell proliferation,
apoptosis, the cell cycle, and DNA methylation. NK cells mediate the immune response via …

Upon immune recognition of viruses, the mammalian innate immune response activates a
complex signal transduction network to combat infection. This activation requires …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous mediators of RNA interference and have key roles in
the modulation of gene expression under healthy, inflamed, stimulated, carcinogenic, or …

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are a type of cytotoxic lymphocytes which are involved in innate
immunity, alongside with assisting with adaptive immune response. Since they have …