While post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is currently diagnosed based solely on classic
psychological and behavioral symptoms, a growing body of evidence has highlighted a link …

This narrative state-of-the-art review paper describes the progress in the understanding and
treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Over the last four decades, the scientific …

Importance Low socioeconomic status (L-SES) and the experience of traumatic stressful
events (TSEs) are environmental factors implicated in behavioral deficits, abnormalities in …

Stress and pain are interleaved at multiple levels-interacting and influencing each other.
Both are modulated by psychosocial factors including fears, beliefs, and goals, and are …

Background Stressful life events are more likely to trigger depression among individuals
exposed to childhood adversity. However, the mechanisms underlying this stress …

Importance Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) has consistently been
associated with multiple negative mental health outcomes extending into adulthood …

Background Childhood adversities have been increasingly recognized as a significant risk
factor for depression. However, the underlying mediating mechanism between childhood …

BackgroundThe prevalence of mental disorders among Black, Latino, and Asian adults is
lower than among Whites. Factors that explain these differences are largely unknown. We …

Childhood adversity is a prominent predisposing risk factor for latent stress vulnerability,
expressed as an elevated likelihood of developing stress-related psychopathology upon …

Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a diagnosis that may follow the experience of trauma,
has multiple symptomatic phenotypes. Generally, individuals with PTSD display symptoms …