Tumor cells constantly interact with the surrounding microenvironment. Increasing evidence
indicates that targeting the tumor microenvironment could complement traditional treatment …

Cancers develop in complex tissue environments, which they depend on for sustained
growth, invasion and metastasis. Unlike tumor cells, stromal cell types within the tumor …

Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a vital component of therapeutically induced anti‐tumor
immunity. An iridium (III) complex (Ir1), containing an N, N‐bis (2‐chloroethyl)‐azane …

Nanomedicine can regulate the balance between cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and
suppressive regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs), which however has been rarely exploited for …

The influence of the microenvironment on tumour progression is becoming clearer. In this
Review we address the role of an essential signalling pathway, that of transforming growth …

Tumor immune escape and the initiation of metastasis are critical steps in malignant
progression of tumors and have been implicated in the failure of some clinical cancer …

The incidence of many types of cancer arising in organs with non-reproductive functions is
significantly higher in male populations than in female populations, with associated …

Esophageal cancer is a deadly disease, ranking sixth among all cancers in mortality.
Despite incremental advances in diagnostics and therapeutics, esophageal cancer still …

Differing from the mouse Foxp3 gene that encodes only one protein product, human FOXP3
encodes two major isoforms through alternative splicing—a longer isoform (FOXP3 FL) …

The immune system ensures optimum T-effector (Teff) immune responses against invading
microbes and tumor antigens while preventing inappropriate autoimmune responses …