Thyroid hormones are essential for growth, neuronal development, reproduction and
regulation of energy metabolism. Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are common …

The most common cause of acquired thyroid dysfunction is autoimmune thyroid disease,
which is an organ-specific autoimmune disease with two presentation phenotypes …

Background: Thyrotoxicosis has multiple etiologies, manifestations, and potential therapies.
Appropriate treatment requires an accurate diagnosis and is influenced by coexisting …

Hypothyroidism is a commonly encountered clinical condition with variable prevalence. It
has profound effects on cardiac function that can impact cardiac contractility, vascular …

Iodine is a micronutrient that is essential for the production of thyroid hormones. The primary
source of iodine is the diet via consumption of foods that have been fortified with iodine …

Abstract Treatment with amiodarone is associated with changes in thyroid function tests, but
also with thyroid dysfunction (amiodarone-induced hypothyroidism, AIH, and amiodarone …

Graves disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by goitre, hyperthyroidism and, in
25% of patients, Graves ophthalmopathy. The hyperthyroidism is caused by thyroid …

Thyroid hormones have a significant impact on heart function, mediated by genomic and
non-genomic effects. Consequently, thyroid hormone deficiencies, as well as excesses, are …

Resistance to antibiotics is a major global problem and there is an urgent need to develop
new therapeutic agents. Although many classes of active compounds have been …

Iodine-induced thyroid dysfunction may be subclinical or overt. Recognition of the
association between iodine excess and iodine-induced hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism …