Estrogen receptors (ERs) regulate multiple complex physiological processes in humans.
Abnormal ER signaling may result in various disorders, including reproductive system …

Estrogen receptors alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ) are transcription factors that are involved in
the regulation of many complex physiological processes in humans. Abnormal ER signaling …

During the past decade there has been a substantial advance in our understanding of
estrogen signaling both from a clinical as well as a preclinical perspective. Estrogen …

Breast cancer treatment has experienced several changes in the past decades due to the
discovery of specific prognostic and predictive biomarkers that enable the application of …

Proliferative thyroid diseases are more prevalent in females than in males. Upon the onset of
puberty, the incidence of thyroid cancer increases in females only and declines again after …

Estrogen governs the regulations of various pathological and physiological actions
throughout the body in both males and females. Generally, 17β-estradiol an endogenous …

The anti-oestrogen tamoxifen is the most commonly used treatment for patients with
oestrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Although many patients benefit from …

Studies indicate that estrogen receptor (ER) α mediates breast cancer-promoting effects of
estrogens. The role of ERβ in breast cancer is unknown. Elucidating the role of ERβ in the …

Estrogens display intriguing tissue selective action that is of great biomedical importance in
the development of optimal therapeutics for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer …

Recent studies indicate that the expression of ERβ in breast cancer is lower than in the
normal breast, suggesting that ERβ could play an important role in carcinogenesis. To …