Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an extremely successful intracellular pathogen that
causes tuberculosis (TB), which remains the leading infectious cause of human death. The …

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)
remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases with over a billion deaths in the past 200 …

The major innate immune cell types involved in tuberculosis (TB) infection are
macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils and natural killer (NK) cells. These immune …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis, an infectious
disease with one of the highest morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Leveraging its …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are integral components of multiple cellular pathways even
though excessive or inappropriately localized ROS damage cells. ROS function as anti …

The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), as members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) family, mediate eukaryotic cell responses to a wide range of abiotic and biotic stress …

Following pathogen infection or tissue damage, the stimulation of pattern recognition
receptors on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm of innate immune cells activates members …

Autophagy is a cellular process that targets proteins, lipids and organelles to lysosomes for
degradation, but it has also been shown to combat infection with various pathogenic …

Post-translational modifications (PTM) decorate proteins to provide functional heterogeneity
to an existing proteome. The large number of known PTMs highlights the many ways that …

Abstract Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) has been a therapeutic challenge because of not
only the naturally high resistance level of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics but also …