Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) results from epithelioid cell granulomas infiltrating the myocardium
and predisposing to conduction disturbances, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, and heart …

Endomyocardial biopsy as the cornerstone of diagnostics has been re-evaluated throughout
the years, leaving unanswered questions on the precedence of it. The reported incidence of …

Myocarditis is a disease caused by cardiac inflammation that can progress to dilated
cardiomyopathy, heart failure, and eventually death. Several etiologies, including …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a major global health concern, representing
a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. This review provides a comprehensive …

Imaging has a central role in the diagnosis, classification, and clinical management of
cardiomyopathies. While echocardiography is the first-line technique, given its wide …

Both CA and CS are significantly underdiagnosed [1, 2]. Endomyocardial biopsy has been
the reference standard for diagnosing CA and CS [3–5]. Due to the invasive nature of such …

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS), an increasingly recognized disease of unknown etiology, is
associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Given the limited diagnostic yield of …

Inflammation is an important component of several chronic and debilitating diseases that
result in significant morbidity and mortality. This is best evidenced within the cardiovascular …

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. The leading hypothesis involves
an antigen-triggered dysregulated T-cell-driven immunologic response leading to non …

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is an increasingly recognized cause of heart failure and
arrhythmia. Historically challenging to identify, particularly in the absence of extracardiac …