Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases
(CVDs), which are the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the population of …

Atherosclerosis constitutes a persistent inflammatory ailment, serving as the predominant
underlying condition for coronary artery disease (CAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD) …

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains the leading cause of death
worldwide and the risk of a major cardiovascular event is highest among those with …

Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and oxysterols are known to play a crucial role in endothelial
dysfunction (ED) by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), inflammation, and …

Obesity and dyslipidemia are the main features of metabolic syndrome, expressed mainly by
adipose tissue dysfunction and connected by similar pathways and pharmacotherapy …

According to new research, a possible association between inflammatory bowel disease
(IBD) and an increased risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been demonstrated, but this …

In recent years, the increasing number of studies on the relationship between the gut
microbiota and atherosclerosis have led to significant interest in this subject. The gut …

Lysosomes are degradative organelles that facilitate the removal and recycling of potentially
cytotoxic materials and mediate a variety of other cellular processes, such as nutrient …

For several decades, atherosclerosis has attracted the attention of researchers around the
world. Even being a major cause of serious cardiovascular disease and events …

Background and aims Atherosclerosis (AS) is a continuously low-grade inflammatory
disease, and monocyte-derived macrophages play a vital role in AS pathogenesis …